The simple method indicated in Figure 6.1 <; is broken down into _ , ... .. ,. , . .„„ 0 0 Fig. 6.15. Attaching welt cord to cushion three separate steps, for clarification. The edge. UPHOLSTERY AND SEAT WEAVING piece of outer fabric used to cover the %in. welt cord need be no wider than 1У2 in., and can be sewed in one operation to the top and the band of the casing, square corners being made. The French seam preferred by some workers requires a second seam and is not illustrated. The back of the casing is left open for filling. Stuffing box. Variously known as a cushion filler or loading, ramming, or packing box, the stuffing box is a simple jig usually made of sheet metal for production work. A satisfactory box for home upholstery, however, can be easily assembled from corrugated cardboard, as illustrated in Figure 6.16; the wooden ram or ramrod will prove of value for the final stuffing operation. The outside dimensions of the box must be such that it will slide snugly into the finished casing; the over lapping edges are bradded to the top of the workbench, then pried up and clinched. Covering the springs. Two layers of cotton batting should be sufficient to cover the springs. One layer is placed in the loading box and the spring mat laid upon it and wrapped in the cotton wadding, which has ends protruding far enough so that they can be tucked in. The second layer is laid over the lap in the first layer and tucked around and under. The box can now be tied or sealed shut with gummed paper, and the loose edges of cotton batting tucked in smoothly, feathering where necessary to produce square edges. Filling the casing. To insert the padded innersprings into the casing, the latter is stripped on over the closed box and contents, and its rear ends grasped in both hands as pictured in Figure 6.18. The ram is inserted inside the box against the padding, with the opposite end butted against the operator's stomach. A gentle, continuous pressure will push the pad and casing out of the cardboard box. The open rear end of the casing can then be closed by hand sewing. Channeled Backs. A favorite method of applying upholstery to the concave surfaces of chair backs is by means of a series of radiating, tubular channels or folds which hold the stuffing vertically, as in Figure 6.19A. This method is particularly appropriate for the barrel chair described in Chapter 3 , where the back is concave in two directions. This is another complicated appearing upholstery device that when analyzed step by step is seen to require only simple sewing or tacking techniques. The first step is to divide the chair back with chalk into vertical sectors that radiate bisymmetrically from the center. Next, the muslin liner and the fabric covering are cut into as many pieces as there are folds or channels to be stuffed, Fig. 6.16. Stuffing box and ram. 368 FURNITURE MAKING AND CABINET WORK 3 in.